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定语从句引导词做成分3篇

时间:2022-12-30 19:00:04 来源:网友投稿

定语从句引导词做成分1  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。  1)who,wh下面是小编为大家整理的定语从句引导词做成分3篇,供大家参考。

定语从句引导词做成分3篇

定语从句引导词做成分1

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  1)who, whom, that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

  is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

  he is the man whom/ that i saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

  2) whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

  they rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

  3)which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如:

  a prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  the package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语,关系副词引导的定语从句。

  1)when, where, why

  关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:

  There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

  Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地,英语语法《关系副词引导的定语从句》。

  Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

  2)that代替关系副词

  that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:

  His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

  He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

定语从句引导词做成分2

  定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词,而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类。

  懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键。

  1. 关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语,whose

  作定语。代人的有:who,whom,whose,that;代物的有:that,which,whose.例如:

  The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人,在定语从句中作主语)

  That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略)

  Im not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人,在定从中作表语)

  A dictionary is a useful book which(=that) tells us the meaning of words(which或that代物,在定从中作主语)

  2. 关系副词有:when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因),在定语从句中作状语。

  例如:Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略)

  The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.

  注意:不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从,不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从。例如:Well visit the factory which(=that) makes radios.

  (which或that在定从中作主语,where不可用主语,故不可用)

  They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe.

  (which或that在定从中作spent的宾语,when不可作宾语,故不可用)

  定语从句的基本知识

  一、定义

  定语从句是指在句中做定语作用,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句,其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。当关系代词作定语从句的主语时,其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。

  二、定语从句的结构

  定语从句一般位于先行词的后面,定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which,that, as和关系副词when, where, why等引导。

  (一)关系代词引导的定语从句

  关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

  (1)who, whom, that

  这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中做主语和宾语。例如:

  ·Is he the manwho/that wants to see you?

  他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中做主语)

  ·He is the manwhom/ that I saw yesterday.

  他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中做宾语)

  (2)whose用作关系词表示所属格,也可看作是关系形容词,因为它后面必须接一个名词连用。不能单独使用。例如:

  ·They rushed over to help the manwhose car had broken down.

  那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

  (3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的.名词或代词,在从句中可做主语、宾语等。作宾语时常可省略。例如:

  ·A prosperitywhich / that had never been seen beforeappears in the countryside.

  农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语)

  (二)关系副词引导的定语从句

  关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

  (1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如:

  ·There are occasionswhen(on which)one must yield.

  任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

  ·Beijing is the placewhere(in which)I was born.

  北京是我的出生地。

  ·Is this the reasonwhy(for which)he refused our offer?

  这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

  (2)that代替关系副词,可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如:

  ·His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.

  他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

  ·He is unlikely to find the place(that / where / in which)he lived forty years ago.

  他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

定语从句引导词做成分3

  定语从句引导词what:

  对于定语从句这一块,大部分同学对于基本的which, who, that引导的从句并不陌生,但是对于what这个词,大部分老师都会说what不能引导定语从句。只能说它不是一般的定从,而是一个先行词和关系代词的结合体,因此关于what引导的定语从句,前面本身都不应该再出现先行词。换句话说,如果句中已有先行词,就一定不能用what引导。比如错句:You can have everything what you like. 这里中what该词前已经有了先行词everything,所以不能用what引导。

  另一句:Those activities became what he calls “electronic *”。这句中what在从句中作谓语calls的宾语,或者更具体的是充当宾语补足语,而这个what相当于the activities that,即一个先行词和关系代词的结合体。但是另从结构上来说,what从句是充当became的表语,也就是相当于名词从句中的表语从句。所以该句既可看做是what引导的特殊定语从句,又可充当名词性从句。

  关于what的先行词,它的作用类似于that,既可指物,又可指人。What都是单独使用的,即其后没有接名词连用。在06年阅读第三篇中有这么一句话:Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught.后面这句话中that是该句的主语,means 是谓语动词, 其后有一个省略了that引导的宾语从句,从句的谓语动词为is being caught. 主语为a higher proportion of what is in the sea, 其中what is in the sea是做of的宾语,而不是what这个词做of的宾语,这里what前没有先行词,且what用来指物。所以what is in the sea翻译成海洋生物,整句就变成了”那就意味着更高比例的海洋生物正在被捕捞。”

  另外what如果后面接的是名词的话,那就意味着what类似于做定从中的关系形容词,翻译成“所有的……,尽可能多的……”。如:The accident completely wiped out what little sight he had left. 这次事故让他仅有的一点视力也丧失了。

  which和what的区别

  我们都知道where是指代“地点”的,when是指代“时间”的,why是指代“原因”的。但which和what都修饰非人的时候,该怎么去区分呢?方法就是看谁能像形容词一样做定语,谁就是对的。我们看两个例句:

  What boy do you like?

  Which boy do you like?

  很明显的,第二个句子是对的。你喜欢哪个男孩?哪个修饰“男孩”,作定语,这是形容词作定语的本质。而what boy do you like?你喜欢什么男孩?中文还行,英文就不对了。因为what指代“非人”,而修饰的boy是人,“非人”修饰人,不合适,所以不对。既然what不能修饰boy,那就说明了what不具备引导定语从句的功能,它是名词性从句的御用连词,只有名词性从句才能用what引导。因此,只有which,that,when,where,why可以引导非人的名词的定语从句。

  由此,我们可以总结得出:定语从句的引导词使用遵循以下两个原则:①当先行词是人时,可以使用who,whom,whose,that;②当定语从句的引导词是“非人”的名词时,可以使用which,that,where,when,why,whereby等来引导。

  如何选择定语从句的引导词

  选择定语从句的引导词是学习定语从句的难点。以下口诀可帮助同学们化难为易。

  一看指人还是物,二看介词在何处;

  三看句中作何用,四看是否属特殊。

  “一看指人还是物”:指人时用who,whom;whose和that既可指人又可指物;which只能指物。that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中,作宾语的whom,which或that可省略。


定语从句引导词做成分3篇扩展阅读


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展1)

——as引导限制性定语从句3篇

as引导限制性定语从句1

  1. as引导限制性定语从句的主要结构有:the same…as;as…as;such…as;so…as。主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词,需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。例,It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday .

  2、as引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句内容,从句可置于句首,句中或句尾。

  例:As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .

  3、非限制性定语从句中的谓语为被动式时,常用as做主语。

  例:besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed

as引导限制性定语从句2

  1. as引导限制性定语从句的主要结构有:the same…as;as…as;such…as;so…as。主句中出现the same, as, such, so修饰先行词,需选择as做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。例,It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday .

  2、as引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句内容,从句可置于句首,句中或句尾。

  例:As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .

  3、非限制性定语从句中的`谓语为被动式时,常用as做主语。

  例:besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed

as引导限制性定语从句3

  关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语

  1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。[eg:This is the book (which)you want.]

  2.如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

  3.代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:

  a)先行词是anything,everything,nothing ,none等不定代词时;

  b)先行词由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;

  c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;

  d)先行词中既有人又有物时;

  e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;

  f)当先行词为物并作表语时;

  g)先行词为one时;

  h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;

  i)在there be句型中,句子的主语是先行词,而且又是物

  j)以here is开头的句子

  k)It is a high time+ 定语从句

  4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。

  5.whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格。它引导的从句可以修饰人和物,当它引导的从句修饰物体时,可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。

  关系副词

  关系副词:在句中作状语

  关系副词=介词+关系代词

  why=for which

  where=in/ at/ on/ ...which (介词同先行词搭配)

  when=during/ on/ in/ ...which (介词同先行词搭配)

  where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句。

  6.when引导定语从句表示时间[注]值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导.

  By the time when you arrived in London,we had stayed there for two weeks.到你到达伦敦的时候,我们在那里已经待了两个星期。

  I still remember the first time when I met her.我仍然记得我第一次见到她。

  Each time when he goes to business trip,he brings a lot of living necessities,such as towels,soap,toothbrush etc.每一次他去出差,他带来了生活必需品,如毛巾,肥皂,牙刷等其他东西。

  7.当从句的逻辑主语是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing时,常用there is 开头。

  There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.这里有人要和你说话。

  非限制性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展2)

——that引导定语从句的例句3篇

that引导定语从句的例句1

  1. A miracle is something that seems impossible but happens anyway.

  奇迹就是看似不可能,却发生了。

  2. If you wait, all that happens is that you get older.

  如果你等待,发生的只有变老。

  3. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing.

  当生活很艰难,你想要放弃的时候,请记住,生活充满了起起落落,如果没有低谷,那站在高处也失去了意义。

  4. Eventually, you"ll learn to cry that on the inside.

  终有一天,你会学会让泪往心里流。

  5. Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue thatcounts.--Winston Churchill

  成功不是终点,失败也并非末日,最重要的是继续前进的勇气。

  6. It"s not about making the amazing saves. It"s the little things and small thingsthat made great gatekeepers great.

  伟大的门将不是靠神奇的扑救成就,而是靠注重小事和细节成功。(Tim Howard美国国家队门将)

  7. The turning point in the process of growing up is when you discover the core of strength within you that survives all hurt.

  当你从内心深处找到一种可以忍受一切痛苦的坚强力量时,你的成长历程就会出现飞跃。

  8. It was just then that I chanced to look round.

  就在那时,我恰好环顾了下四周。

  9. I don"t want any more of that heavy stuff.

  我再也不想碰那种麻烦事了。

  10. It was the uncommitted that Labour needed to reach.

  工党需要拉拢的是未表态者。

  11. The vehicle that permitted both communication and acceptability was social revolution.

  既能实现交流又能被广为接受的手段就是社会革命。

  12. We all know that fats spoil by becoming rancid.

  我们都知道油脂变质后会发臭。

  13. He admitted that the government was in "a dreadful hole".

  他承认*目前“处境极为尴尬”。

  14. She probably sensed that I wasn"ttelling her the whole story.

  她可能意识到了我并没有对她全盘托出。

  15. He plays some passages so slowly that they become lugubrious.

  有些段落他演奏得异常徐缓,听上去有些忧伤。

that引导定语从句的例句2

  1. A miracle is something that seems impossible but happens anyway.

  奇迹就是看似不可能,却发生了。

  2. If you wait, all that happens is that you get older.

  如果你等待,发生的只有变老。

  3. When life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups would mean nothing.

  当生活很艰难,你想要放弃的时候,请记住,生活充满了起起落落,如果没有低谷,那站在高处也失去了意义。

  4. Eventually, you"ll learn to cry that on the inside.

  终有一天,你会学会让泪往心里流。

  5. Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue thatcounts.--Winston Churchill

  成功不是终点,失败也并非末日,最重要的是继续前进的勇气。

  6. It"s not about making the amazing saves. It"s the little things and small thingsthat made great gatekeepers great.

  伟大的门将不是靠神奇的扑救成就,而是靠注重小事和细节成功。(Tim Howard美国国家队门将)

  7. The turning point in the process of growing up is when you discover the core of strength within you that survives all hurt.

  当你从内心深处找到一种可以忍受一切痛苦的坚强力量时,你的成长历程就会出现飞跃。

  8. It was just then that I chanced to look round.

  就在那时,我恰好环顾了下四周。

  9. I don"t want any more of that heavy stuff.

  我再也不想碰那种麻烦事了。

  10. It was the uncommitted that Labour needed to reach.

  工党需要拉拢的是未表态者。

  11. The vehicle that permitted both communication and acceptability was social revolution.

  既能实现交流又能被广为接受的手段就是社会革命。

  12. We all know that fats spoil by becoming rancid.

  我们都知道油脂变质后会发臭。

  13. He admitted that the government was in "a dreadful hole".

  他承认*目前“处境极为尴尬”。

  14. She probably sensed that I wasn"ttelling her the whole story.

  她可能意识到了我并没有对她全盘托出。

  15. He plays some passages so slowly that they become lugubrious.

  有些段落他演奏得异常徐缓,听上去有些忧伤。

that引导定语从句的例句3

  一、as用作关系代词引导定语从句

  1. as 引导非限制性定语从句,一般不指代某个具体的名词或代词,而是代表整个主句或主句的一部分。这种从句可放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,有时还可以放在主句的中间。如:

  As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. 正如在报纸上所报道的,两国间的谈判有所进展。

  Grammar is not a set of dead rules, as has been said above. 如上所说,语法不是一套死条文。

  Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them. 蜘蛛不是昆虫,尽管许多人都这样认为,它甚至与昆虫几乎没有联系。

  2. as 引导限制性定语从句,主要用于the same…as(与……相同),such…as(像……一样),as…as(与……一样)。如:

  She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感受和她一样。

  Such a man with a good temper as Mr. Li is is easy to get along with. 像李先生这样好脾气的人是容易相处的。

  He smokes as expensive a cigarette as he can afford. 他抽一种他买得起的最贵的烟。

  二、as作为从属连词引导时间状语从句

  表示“当……的时候”或“一边……一边”,强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生。如:

  I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 当他下公共汽车的时候我看见了他。

  The boy was singing a popular song as he was bicycling. 这男孩边骑车边唱歌。

  As she grew older, she became less active. 当她长大一点的时候,就变得不那么活泼了。

  三、as作为从属连词引导原因状语从句

  as 引导的原因状语从句常放在主句前,表示“因为,由于”。如:

  As she is a model teacher, she gives a good example to others. 因为她是一名模范教师,她给其他人树立了一个好的典范。

  As he wasn’t ready in time, we went to the cinema without him. 由于他没有及时准备好,我们就去看电影了,没有等他。

  三、as作为从属连词,引导让步状语从句

  as引导让步状语从句比较特别,它要求将主语和谓语或谓语的一部分倒装。如:

  Old as he is, he is still full of energy. 尽管年纪大了,但他依然精力充沛。

  Try as she may, she never succeeds. 尽管她很努力,但总是不成功。

  Much as I admire Mr. Wang as a poet, I don’t like him as a man. 尽管我喜欢王先生的诗歌,但我不喜欢他的为人。

  注:当倒装后置于句首的名词为单数可数名词时,习惯上不带冠词。如:

  Boy as he was, he was made king. 尽管他还是个孩子,却被立为国王了。

  四、与其他词搭配使用构成从属连词引导从句

  1. as if / as though。表示“好像,仿佛”,引导表语从句或方式状语从句。如:

  It looks as if / as though it is going to snow. 看起来要下雪啦。

  He looks as if / as though he had seen a ghost. 他的脸色看起来好像他看见了鬼。

  He talks as if /as though he knew everything about it. 他说话的口气好像他已经全部都知道了。

  2. as [so] long as。“只要”,引导条件状语从句。如:

  As [So] long as you can keep away from them, you will be safe. 只要你能远离他们,你就安全了。

  I’m happy as long as you are happy. 只要你幸福,我就感到幸福了。

  3. as [so] far as。表示“在……的范围内”,引导限制状语从句。多用于下列结构:as [so] far as I know(据我所知),as [so] far as I can see, as [so] far as I’m concerned(依我看)。如:

  As [So] far as I know, the couple have been abroad for about five years. 据我所知,这对夫妇已经出国约五年了。

  There’s only one thing to be done now, as far as I can see. 依我看。现在只有一件事情要做。

  4. as soon as。表示“一……就”,引导时间状语从句。如:

  As soon as he got off the plane, he telephoned her girl friend. 他一下飞机就给他的女朋友打了个电话。

  He started as soon as he received the news. 他一得到消息就出发了。

  总之,由于as的用法复杂,同学们在学习时一定要注意比较其在不同句子中的作用,判断其连接的是什么样的从句,多做一些关于相关练习,这样便可掌握其用法了。


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展3)

——定语从句成分分析3篇

定语从句成分分析1

  一、定语从句的有关概念

  所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句,首先要弄清两个重要概念先行词和关系词。

  先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念,它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时,定语从句通常是后置的,所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

  那什么是关系词呢?其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上,英语中的各类从句,不管性质如何,它们都需要有一个词来引导,正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样,人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字,叫它关系词,因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用,以表明两者之间的修饰关系,同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

  二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系

  为了更好地理解定语从句,我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前,我们先来看看关系词有哪些。


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展4)

——while引导的从句分析3篇

while引导的从句分析1

  while引导的状语从句 注意:(1)注意while的不同含义:a. 表示时间,“当??时;在??同时”;b. 表示让步,“虽然;尽管”;c. 表示转折对比,“然而;但”。(2)while引导的状语从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。⑦

  Eg. While I understand your opinion, I don’t agree with you.

  While it’s winter here in our country right now, it’s summer in South Africa. when引导的句子:

  when作连词时,主要义项有:(1)在那时,突然??;

  Eg. He was about to tell me the secret when someone patted him on the should.

  (2)当??时候;(3)刚(一)??就??;

  Eg. I’ll go to see you when you come back.

  (4)如果(同if);

  Eg. Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine.

  (5)可是,虽然;

  Eg. She usually walks when she might ride.

  (6)既然(同since)

  Eg. Why did you write with a pencil when you know you should write in ink?


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展5)

——whether引导的条件从句3篇

whether引导的条件从句1

  whether:对于某件事情的不确定性,表示的怀疑。

  whether

  1. (引导名词从句)是否

  Ask him whether he can come or not.问问他是否能来。

  I dont know whether you like flowers, sir.

  先生,我不知道您是否喜欢花。

  2. (与or连用,引导状语从句)不管是...(或是)

  Well go on with the work, whether we can find the necessary tools or not.

  不管我们能否找到所需的工具,我们要把这件工作做下去。

  在引导定语从句时,一般情况下whether和if都可使用,但whether的适用范围要比if广,实在不知道应用什么的时候,选whether。

  例如从句若出现了选择项:A or B,只能用whether而不能用if

  但要注意,从句为否定句时,只能用if,而不能用whether

  一、在英语句子中,whether和if本身有意义(都表示“是否”),在从句中不可省略。它们的区别最主要的"就是:whether 可以引导所有的名词性从句,而if只能引导宾语从句。例如:

  1. I didnt know whether he would attend the concert.

  我并不知道他是否会参加音乐会。(宾语从句可用if代替whether)

  2. The question is whether its worth trying.

  问题是值不值得一试。(表语从句,不能用if代替whether)

  3. Whether she comes or not makes no difference.

  她来不来都没有关系。(主语从句,不可用if代替whether)

  4.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.

  他必须回答他是否同意。(同位语从句,不可用if代替whether)

  whether引导的宾语从句可作介词的宾语,而if则不能。

  5. It all depends on whether they will support us.

  这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。(不能用if)

  二、if引导状语从句,也可引导宾语从句。如果用if会引起歧义,应避免使用if,而用whether。

  Please let me know if you want to join us.

  请告诉我你是否想加入我们。(这样就看成是宾语从句,if表示“是否”) 若翻译成:如果你想加入我们的话,请告诉我一声。(if引导的从句可看成是条件状语从句,if表示“如果”) 所以,为了避免引起歧义,此时最好用whether表示“是否”。

  三、whether引导主语从句时,既可以直接位于句首,也可以位于句末;if引导主语从句时只能用于it作形式主语的从句中。例如:

  1. Whether we need it is a different matter.

  2. It is a different matter whether(if)we need it.

  四、在宾语从句中,当表示“是否”时,whether与if可以互换,但如果从句中有or not 时只能用whether 引导。例如:

  I don’t know whether he will come or not.

  五、whether引导的从句可以充当介词宾语,if则不行。

  I worry about whether i hurt her feelings.

  六、whether引导的从句可以作名词的同位语,if则不行。

  The question whether we need it has not been decided.

  七、可能造成歧义时,用whether而不用if。

  1. please let me know whether you are coming.

  请告诉我你是否要来。(whether引导宾语从句)

  2. please let me know if you are coming.

  如果你要来,请告诉我。(if引导状语从句)


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展6)

——who引导的定语从句例句3篇

who引导的定语从句例句1

  1)a large number of men always around a girl who is my friend.

  4)a girl was always arounded by a group of men ,the girl who is my friend

  正确,意思是一群男人老是围着一个女孩,那女孩是我朋友。

  5)my brother always arounds a girl who is my friend

  8)a girl was always arounded by my brother, the girl who is my friend

  正确,我哥哥老是围着一个女孩,那女孩是我朋友。

  2)a large number of men always around a girl, the girl who is my friend.

  6)my brother always arounds a girl, the girl who is my friend

  错误,不应该加the girl 因为先行词a girl

  跟从句时紧挨的

  7)a girl was always arounded by my brother who is my friend

  3)a girl was always arounded by a group of men who is my friend

  错误,这种情况应该加the girl

  否则它就指代的是my brother ,a group of men

  定语从句的构成 先行词(名词)+ 引导词(关系代词 关系副词) + 定语从句

  用结构分析,自己体味,语感也很重要的。


定语从句引导词做成分3篇(扩展7)

——定语从句先行词是those3篇

定语从句先行词是those1

  定语从句先行词是those

  That(指物)和those(指人或物)可做定语从句的先行词,this和these不可做先行词,those做定语从句先行词时,当其指物关系词用that/which等,当其指人时,关系词用who等,具体示例如下:

  He admired those who looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的人.(指人)

  He admired those which looked beautiful.他很喜欢那些看上去很美的东西.(指物)

  (错)He admired that who danced well.(that不能指人)

  (对)He admired those who danced well.他赞赏跳舞好的人.(those可指人)

  如何选择定语从句的引导词

  一看指人还是物,二看介词在何处;

  三看句中作何用,四看是否属特殊。

  现将四句口诀分述如下:

  “一看指人还是物”:指人时用who,whom;whose和that既可指人又可指物;which只能指物。that和which在句中作主语或宾语;在非正式文体中,作宾语的whom,which或that可省略。

  【高考链接】

  The old town has narrow streets and small houses _____ are built close to each other.

  A. they B. where C. what D. that

  答案:D。

  解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处及后面部分为定语从句,先行词small houses为物,故用that引导定语从句,that在定语从句中作主语。

  “二看介词在何处”:介词置于从句之首还是置于从句的其他地方,引导词的使用有区别。当介词置于从句之首时,若指人,介词之后只能用whom而不能用who和that;若指物,则只能用which而不能用that。

  【经典例析】

  试比较以下两句:

  1. Do you know the woman with whom I shook hands at the school gate?

  2. Do you know the woman whom I shook hands with at the school gate?

  第一句中介词with置于定语从句之首,其后的whom不可以替换成who或that,也不能省略;第二句中的引导词whom作介词with的宾语,可替换为who或that,也可省略。

  “三看句中作何用”:如何选用定语从句中的引导词,关键是要看引导词在从句中充当什么成分。若作主语,则在who,that或which之中选择;若作定语,则用whose;若作状语,则在when,where,why之中挑选。

  【高考链接】

  The prize will go to the writer _____ story shows the most imagination.

  A. that B. which

  C. whose D. what

  答案:C。

  解析:whose引导定语从句,且在从句中作定语,修饰story;whose story相当于the story of whom。

  “四看是否属特殊”:定语从句中引导词的使用还要注意一些特殊情况,如who与that均可指人,which和that均可指物,但这些引导词在具体的语言环境中有区别,不能换用。

  【经典例析】

  1. This is the first time that I’ve been to the museum, which I have been looking forward to for many years.

  当先行词被序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that而不用which。

  2. Those who are studying in our school can borrow five books at a time.

  为避免重复,先行词为指人的that或those时,引导词用who而不用that。

  3. Such magazines as you bought last time are well worth reading.

  such ... as,the same ... as属于固定搭配。

  最后,我们再用一则歌谣帮助大家巩固关系词在定语从句中的一般用法。

  关系词,引定从,它们的用法各不同。

  that可作主、宾用,指人指物它都行;

  which 通常指物用,主语、宾语它也能;

  who和whom指人用,分作主、宾要弄清;

  whose一词它真行,修饰人、物都管用;

  时间状语应用when,地点状语where行,

  要问原因为什么,关系副词why最清;

  as一词属特殊,常与such,the same连用,

  修饰全句或部分,常常用作主或宾。

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